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Gautama Buddha
Life
- Birth: 623 BC – Lumbini (Nepal)
- Death: 483 BC – Kushinagar
- Father: Suddhodana (Sakya clan)
- Mother: Mahamaya
- Stepmother: Mahaprajapati Gautami → 1st Bhikkhuni
- Wife: Yashodhara, Son: Rahul
Renunciation & Teachers
- Left home at 29 years (Mahabhinishkramana)
- Teachers:
- Alara Kalama
- Udraka Ramputra
Enlightenment & Teaching
- Enlightenment: Bodh Gaya (Uruvela) → under Bodhi Tree (Niranjana river)
- 1st Sermon: Sarnath → Dharmachakrapravartana
Symbols
- Lotus → Birth
- Horse → Renunciation
- Bodhi Tree → Enlightenment
- Wheel (Dharma Chakra) → First Sermon
- Stupa → Death
Philosophy
Four Noble Truths
- Life is full of suffering
- Cause = Desire
- End of suffering possible
- Path = Eightfold Path
Eightfold Path
- Right View, Intention, Speech, Action
- Right Livelihood, Effort, Mindfulness, Concentration
Buddhist Councils
1st Council (480 BC – Rajgriha)
- King: Ajatashatru, Head: Mahakasyapa
2nd Council (383 BC – Vaishali)
- King: Kalasoka, Head: Sabakami
3rd Council (250 BC – Pataliputra)
- King: Ashoka, Head: Moggaliputta Tissa
4th Council (72 AD – Kashmir)
- King: Kanishka, Head: Vasumitra
- Division: Mahayana & Hinayana
Sects
Hinayana
- No idol worship
- Language: Pali
Mahayana
- Idol worship
- Language: Sanskrit
- Concept of Bodhisattva
Vajrayana
Buddhist Texts
Pali (Tripitaka)
- Sutta Pitaka → teachings
- Vinaya Pitaka → rules
- Abhidhamma Pitaka → philosophy
- Milindapanho → Milinda & Nagasena dialogue
Sanskrit
- Buddhacharita (Ashvaghosha)
- Jataka Tales → previous births
Terms
- Chaitya → prayer hall
- Vihara → residence
- Dhamma → teachings
- Stupa → relic structure
Stupas
- Kesariya (Bihar) → largest
- Dhamek (Sarnath)
- Ramabhar (Kushinagar)
- Sanchi (MP)
- Borobudur (Indonesia)
Universities
- Nalanda – Kumaragupta I
- Vikramshila – Dharmapala
- Odantapuri – Gopala
🔥 Memory Tricks
- “L-B-S-K = Lumbini → Bodh Gaya → Sarnath → Kushinagar”
- “D-E-P = Desire → End → Path”
- “H = No Idol, M = Idol”
